Blind kvinna fick synen delvis åter - med konstgjort öga...

Miraklet med det

konstgjorda ögat...

RT 2012-08-30
För första gången i historien har en tidigare nästan helt blind kvinna, fått delar av synen åter med ett biotekniskt konstgjort öga.



Det Australien-tillverkade implantatet, påminner väldigt mycket om ögat som roboten "The Terminator" studerade vår värld med i de välkända Hollywoodfilmerna...
(-Ni vet, den där "kick-ass" roboten  från framtiden som ibland påminde en del om Mr. Schwarzenegger...)

http://rt.com/news/bionic-eye-blind-australia-962/

Dianne Ashworth till vänster

It’s a miracle! World’s first bionic

eye gifts blind woman eyesight

RT 2012-08-30
For the first time ever, scientists have given a previously blind woman sight by way of a bionic eye. The Australian-designed implant, which resembles the model worn by Arnie in The Terminator, is likely to transform the lives of millions worldwide.

Dianne Ashworth, who is suffering from the incurable condition retinitis pigmentosa, had lost almost all vision when surgeons at the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital in Melbourne performed the groundbreaking surgery in May.

- A month later the device was switched on.

“I didn’t know what to expect, but all of a sudden, I could see a little flash…it was amazing. Every time there was stimulation there was a different shape that appeared in front of my eye,” said Ashworth in a statement.

- The device consists of 24 electrodes attached to the retina.

- Each time they receive a signal from the outside world, they stimulate the retina, which then sends an impulse back to the brain.

So far, scientists have used the bionic eye to create simple patterns from the twenty four signals – like the shapes of a tree or a house – and see whether Ashworth is able to identify them.

Dianne Ashworth (L) testing the revolutionary device. (Bionic Vision Australia)

Over the next 18 months, scientists will work in the laboratory with Ashworth and two other sight-restricted patients.

But the next big step is installing a camera, so that the patient is able to receive representations of real objects, not just those created by the scientists.

Even at this stage, the signals Ashworth will receive will be unlike normal eyesight, but the aim of the invention is practical.

"What we're going to be doing is restoring a type of vision which is probably going to be black and white, but what we're hoping to do for these patients, who are severely visually impaired, is to give them mobility," says Penny Allen, the lead surgeon on the procedure.

Eventually, with a greater number of electrodes, a more detailed picture could be beamed into the blind person’s brain.

Yet the inventors are trying not to over-engineer the device, so that it doesn’t become unaffordable.

"We didn't want to have a device that was too complex in a surgical approach that was very difficult to learn," says Allen.

- The World Health Organization says that 39 million people worldwide are blind, and nearly 250 million are impaired by extremely poor vision.

Bionic Vision Australia, which brings together leading scientists, surgeons and engineers, is funded by the government, and hopes to get a market-ready bionic eye out by 2014.

http://rt.com/news/bionic-eye-blind-australia-962/

$42 Million Bionic Eye

See the research behind the bionic vision system being developed by Bionic Vision Australia.

The retinal prosthesis consists of a camera, attached to a pair of glasses, which transmits high-frequency radio signals to a 5 sq mm 98-channel microchip implanted in the retina.

- Now undergoing preliminary lab testing, device is scheduled for a full implant in a human subject in 2013.

Robyn Guymer, Ph.D., a retinal specialist, is the Deputy Director and leads the Macular Research Unit at the Centre for Eye Research Australia.

Guymer also holds positions as Deputy Head of the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Melbourne and Medical retinal consultant at the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital.

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Man fitted with bionic eye,

sees wife for the first time

2012-05-04
British man Chris James, 54, suffered from a hereditary illness called retinitis pigmentosa 22 year agos and became completely blind in the left eye while only being able to detect strong light with his right.

On March 22, he became one of the two first men in the world to receive a bionic eye. Doctors from Oxford University Hospitals and King's College Hospital implanted into his eyeball beneath his retina a 3X3 millimeter microchip - developed by Germany's Retina Implant - that contains 1,500 light-detecting electrodes.

- James regained rudimentary vision and was able to see his wife of seven years for the first time.

Sources: TG Daily, The Sun

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Bioteknik - WIKI

Bioteknik är en kombination av biologi och teknik som i första hand innebär att använda celler eller komponenter från celler (såsom enzymer eller DNA) i tekniska tillämpningar.  Bioteknik är således en tvärvetenskap.

En del av tillämpningarna har även medicinska/biomedicinska tillämpningar. Bioteknik är historiskt nära besläktat med kemiteknik, och de äldsta tillämpningarna av bioteknik är sådana som innefattar olika jäsningsprocesser.

I takt med att framsteg inom molekylärbiologin har skett, har mer av genteknik kommit att innefattas i området.

http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioteknik

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